How is the Baroque trumpet different from the modern trumpet?

The modern trumpet is distinguished by the presence of valves, which are a fundamental innovation that allows for greater versatility and control over pitch and dynamics. These valves enable the player to easily change the length of the tubing, facilitating the playing of chromatic scales and a wider range of notes.

In contrast, the Baroque trumpet, which predates the development of valves, is a natural brass instrument lacking this feature. It relies entirely on the player's ability to produce different pitches by altering lip tension and airflow, as well as using harmonics. This limitation affects the instrument's range and the complexity of the music it can perform compared to its modern counterpart.

The other alternatives reference characteristics that do not accurately define the paramount distinction of the Baroque and modern trumpets. The width of the bell, the length of the instrument, and the use of brass material may vary among different models but do not capture the key functional difference introduced by valves in the modern trumpet.