In Vivaldi's "Winter," who plays all statements of the ritornello?

In Vivaldi's "Winter," all statements of the ritornello are performed by the entire ensemble. The ritornello form, which Vivaldi often employed, features a recurring theme played by the full orchestra, providing a contrast to the solo sections. During these ritornello segments, the rich textures and dynamic contrasts of the ensemble are highlighted, creating a powerful and unified musical statement.

This approach not only enhances the overall effect of the piece but also allows the listener to appreciate both the soloist's virtuosic passages and the cohesive sound produced by the entire ensemble. By using the full ensemble for the ritornello, Vivaldi establishes a strong musical identity that drives the movement forward.