On what is the story of Monteverdi's "Orpheus" based?

The story of Monteverdi's "Orpheus" is based on a Greek myth, specifically the tale of Orpheus, a legendary figure known for his exceptional musical talent and his deep love for Eurydice. In the myth, Orpheus travels to the Underworld to retrieve his wife, demonstrating the power of music as it captivates all living and even supernatural beings. This narrative showcases themes of love, loss, and the transformative power of art and music, which were central to the operatic tradition that Monteverdi helped to develop.

Selecting the Greek myth as the basis for "Orpheus" accurately reflects the origins of the story, distinct from Roman legends, Shakespearean plays, or Italian folktales, and connects to the rich tradition of exploring human emotions through myth in the context of early opera.