What was the primary function of the overture in early opera?

The primary function of the overture in early opera was to signal to the audience that the drama was starting. The overture serves as an orchestral introduction that sets the mood and prepares the audience for the unfolding story. It typically contains musical themes or motifs that may be heard later in the opera, creating a sense of anticipation for what is to come. By establishing the musical and emotional landscape of the opera, the overture plays a crucial role in transitioning the audience from the outside world into the musical drama that is about to commence.

This understanding highlights why the other options, while they might seem relevant, don't capture the primary purpose of the overture as accurately. For instance, the overture does not introduce characters directly or summarize the plot; those elements are typically developed during the opera itself. Additionally, the overture's function is distinct from serving as a curtain closer, which is a role played by other components of the performance. Consequently, recognizing the overture's role as a signal for the start of the drama emphasizes its importance in the overall experience of early opera.